Share of AI research publications, 2025. OpenAlex, primary topic subfield 1702, works with at least one resolvable institution country (188,844 of 297,680). Europe = EU27 plus the UK, Norway and Switzerland.

Share of global installed AI accelerator capacity, measured in H100-equivalents. Epoch AI, Data on GPU Clusters, accessed September 2026. Snapshot of clusters operational to mid-2025. Epoch estimates the dataset covers 10-20% of global aggregate cluster performance.